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In Alumni Files

Type of Resource

DigitalDocument

Rights Statement

In Alumni Files

Type of Resource

DigitalDocument

Rights Statement

In Alumni Files

Type of Resource

DigitalDocument

Rights Statement

In Alumni Files

Type of Resource

DigitalDocument

Rights Statement

In Alumni Files

Type of Resource

DigitalDocument

Rights Statement

In Alumni Files

Type of Resource

DigitalDocument

Rights Statement

In Alumni Files

Type of Resource

DigitalDocument

Rights Statement

In Alumni Files

Type of Resource

DigitalDocument

Rights Statement

In Alumni Files

Type of Resource

DigitalDocument

Rights Statement

In Alumni Files

Type of Resource

DigitalDocument

Rights Statement

In Alumni Files

Type of Resource

DigitalDocument

Rights Statement

In Alumni Files

Type of Resource

DigitalDocument

Rights Statement

In Alumni Files

Type of Resource

DigitalDocument

Rights Statement

In Alumni Files

Type of Resource

DigitalDocument

Rights Statement

In Alumni Files

Type of Resource

DigitalDocument

Rights Statement

In Alumni Files

Type of Resource

DigitalDocument

Rights Statement

In Alumni Files

Type of Resource

DigitalDocument

Rights Statement

In Alumni Files

Type of Resource

DigitalDocument

Rights Statement

In ARL Publications

Abstract

The Adirondack Chronology is intended to be a useful resource for researchers and others interested in the Adirondacks and Adirondack history.

Type of Resource

DigitalDocument

Rights Statement

In President's Report

Type of Resource

DigitalDocument

In President's Report

Type of Resource

DigitalDocument

In President's Report

Type of Resource

DigitalDocument

In Honors Theses

Abstract

This paper explores the extent to which the anthropologist’s methodological approach of cultural relativism relates to the philosopher’s theory of moral relativism. Ultimately, we find that there is no logical connection between the two, but some anthropologists tend to hold both. The premier example is Ruth Benedict, who is frequently the subject of philosophical discussion attempting to show the implausibility of the moral relativist’s view. In this paper, I attempt to give the anthropologist, like Benedict, a form of moral relativism which is 1. defensible against common attacks, and

2. intuitively appealing to the anthropologist. Ultimately, I propose David Wong’s pluralistic relativism as a likely contender for meeting these two goals. Furthermore, I explain what the anthropologist who accepts Wong’s theoretical position is committed to in practice, examining both the debate surrounding applied anthropology and the challenges of certain ethical dilemmas.

Type of Resource

Thesis

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In Honors Theses

Abstract

This thesis explores the forces of tradition and religion throughout the history of Persia and current day Iran. The origins of Islamic law and their place in Persian history began a rich evolution over 1500 years ago, carrying the revelations of Muhammad to the government and policies of Iran today. The most prominent example of ancient Persian forces coming to play in modern times is the Iranian Revolution, and tied directly to this, the Iranian Hostage Crisis. These events of 1979?1981 were decisively shaped by the rise to power of Ruhollah Khomeini, and his attempts to institute pure rule by Islamic law.
Islamic tradition in Persia is politically active in two ways. First, it contributes to identity and cultural attitude, shaping and influencing current events. Additionally, when this tradition is invoked, it can be used to justify authority and its actions. A striking example of how the concurrence of tradition and religion drastically shaped recent history was the Iranian Revolution of 1979 and the succeeding events that led to the Iranian Hostage Crisis (1979?81) and the beginning of the Iran?Iraq War (1980). These events were heavily influenced by Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini, among the most remarkable actors in Persian history. The Revolution that brought him to power was the first mass Islamic revolution in which an unprecedented 10 % of the population was actively involved in the violent demonstrations that denounced the Pahlavi regime. I will examine the structure of Khomeini’s arguments and the allure that enabled him to arouse one of the most successful revolutionary overthrows in history.
In order to comprehend the importance and God?like status that Khomeini commanded in Iran, one must consider his background in the Persian context. Khomeini was lifelong scholar, devoting years to the study and contemplation of Persian and Islamic tradition. Although it is impossible to reproduce the lifetime of Khomeini’s studies, my research depicts a flavor of the events and influences working within Iran since Before Christ. Due to extensive research and a profound comprehension of the Iranian psych, Khomeini understood the capabilities of ancient Persian forces. By arousing these inner pulses in the people of Iran, Khomeini’s words assured security and comfort as well as a call for action. In my research, I will investigate the ancient Persian forces that have developed throughout history, starting in about 1000 BC. At this time, Persia was a tribal society who worshipped many pagan gods. Over the next century and a half, Persia underwent several changes: tradition developed amidst a cycle of invasions and it became a largely monotheistic culture with the famed Prophet Zoroaster. Zoroaster was the first known Prophet to preach of a single, almighty god, an idea that was later reflected in Judaism, Christianity, and ultimately, Islam.

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Thesis

Rights Statement

In Honors Theses

Abstract

Throughout the twentieth century, women in the United States have endured a constant struggle for what historian Alice Kessler-Harris calls full economic citizenship, which refers to the ability to obtain full economic independence and equal opportunities for the potential gain of increased power and influence within society. Historically, and even currently, women’s economic dependence on men, especially husbands and fathers, has prevented women from achieving full economic citizenship. One of the major steps women can take to attain this goal is participation in the paid workforce, which can potentially end women’s reliance on men for financial security. Although many women did engage in paid employment throughout the century, they were frequently stigmatized even though the choice to work was often out of financial necessity. However, each decade did experience a shift in the type of women working in paid employment, as well as in how these women were represented in the media. This study compares and contrasts the messages conveyed through issues of Ladies' Home Journals of the 1930s and 1970s regarding women's paid and unpaid work to examine the potential of women to gain greater economic citizenship during decades of financial difficulty in the United States. Ladies’ Home Journal was selected for analysis because throughout the century it strived to represent and to attract mainstream (white, middle-class) female readers, and especially in the earlier decades it was one of most widely read women’s magazines. Therefore, Ladies’ Home Journal represents a popular publication that held a wide reader base. Another feature of the magazine is its inclusion of distinct genres that lend themselves to analysis: non-fiction articles, advertisements, and works of fiction. Several similarities and differences in representing women’s paid and unpaid work existed in the three genres in magazine issues in the 1930s and 1970s. Both decades tended to publish some non-fiction articles that addressed all women as America’s consumers and placed the responsibility on them to spend money in the hope that this would help relieve the country of its financial problems. However, it was not explicitly stated whether women should be earning this money themselves, or whether they should be getting this money from their husbands. Some advertisements during these decades also addressed the troubled economy and tried to attract the female consumers by promoting long-lasting products for little money, as well as suggesting that women purchase certain products solely for the purpose of making a man happy. Fictional stories of these two decades addressed married women gaining financial independence; however, achieving led to conflicts within the family because the woman was no longer dependent on a man for financial support. Stories like these acted as a warning to women of what could happen to their families if they decided to get a job in the paid workforce or attempted to gain financial independence in any other way. Although Ladies Home Journal attempted to strike a balance in providing readers with information about housewives and wage-earning women, there was definitely more emphasis placed on the virtuous housewife in the 1930s, while the 1970s tended to focus on working women. In the 1970s, non-fiction articles not only promoted traditional values by providing details to women about the negative aspects of paid employment, but also provided working women with useful information about how to deal with workplace discrimination. Advertisements from the 1930s tended to portray housewives purchasing products for the benefit of their husbands and children, while in the 1970s, the advertisements were more ambiguous in referencing the type of woman, whether housewife or business woman, who would use a particular product. Finally, although fiction stories were often used as a means to communicate information to the reader about the cultural shifts that had occurred throughout the twentieth century, working women and the idea that women were becoming more independent was much more apparent in the 1970s stories. Many historical and political factors contributed to the reason why the roles of women, especially women in paid employment, were altered between the 1930s and the 1970s, such as: the call for women to work during World War II; the publication of Betty Friedan’s The Feminine Mystique in 1963; and the development of the women’s rights and women’s liberation movements in the 1960s and early 1970s. However, Ladies’ Home Journal, while making some modifications to reflect these changes, still tried to maintain a balanced representation of both women who worked within the home and women who worked outside of the home in the paid workforce. The magazine did not advocate that American women should be able to be financially independent and thus achieve women’s full economic citizenship in the twentieth century.

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Thesis

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